Pope Francis received Mar Awa III at the Vatican on Saturday morning -- the first visit of the head of the Assyrian Church of the East since his election as Catholicos-Patriarch in September 2021.

The Assyrian Church of the East is an eastern Christian Church with historic roots in disputes over the Ecumenical Councils of Ephesus and Chalcedon. Improved relations

In his address on Saturday, Pope Francis noted the growth in the relationship between the Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church in recent decades, recalling the visits of Mar Awa's predecessors Mar Dinkha IV and Mar Gewargis III, and the signing of documents including the Common Christological Declaration and a Statement on the situation of Christians in the Middle East.

The Holy Father also expressed his appreciation for the work of the Mixed Commission for Theological Dialogue between the two Churches, highlighting a study on the Anaphora [Eucharistic Prayer] of the Apostles Addai and Mari, which allowed some reciprocal admission to the Eucharist in specific circumstances; as well as a Common Declaration on the Sacramental life.

The Pope also praised their current work on "images of the Church in the Syriac and Latin patristic tradition," noting the tendency of the Church Fathers to speak of the Church using the "simple and universally accessible" language of images, following the example of Jesus. He emphasized the importance for faithful of both Churches not only to return to their roots, but to bear witness together to "the mystery of the love between Christ and His bride, the Church." Rights of Christians in the Middle East

In this regard, Pope Francis pointed to the many things the two Churches have in common, including a common history of faith and mission, great saints, a rich theological and liturgical patrimony, and, especially in recent decades, the witness of martyrs. In the historic home of the Assyrian Church in the Middle East, many Christians have been forced to leave their homelands, while many others have struggled to remain. With Mar Awa, Pope Francis renewed his appeal for the rights of those Christians -- especially the right to religious liberty and the right to full citizenship -- to be respected.

Noting that the faithful of both Churches already, in some places, live in almost full communion, Pope Francis said this is "a sign of the times, a powerful incentive for us to pray and to work diligently in preparation for the much awaited day when we can celebrate together the Eucharist, the holy Qurbana, at the same altar, as the fulfilment of the unity of our Churches." Synodality and ecumenism

Looking ahead to Mar Awa's upcoming talk on synodality in the Syriac tradition, Pope Francis insisted that "the journey of synodality undertaken by the Catholic Church is and must be ecumenical, just as the ecumenical journey is synodal."

A common date for Easter?

In particular, he thanked Mar Awa for his desire to find a common date for Easter, insuring the Catholicos-Patriarch that the Catholic Church is ready to accept any proposal that is made together. "Let us have the courage to put an end to this division..." the Pope said, adding, "The sign we should give is: one Christ for all of us." And he expressed a dream that the separation between the Assyrian Church of the East and the Catholic Church, "the longest in the history of the Church" might be "the first to be resolved."

Pope Francis concluded his address by entrusting the journey towards full unity to "the intercession of the martyrs and saints who, already united in heaven, encourage our progress here on earth." And he offered to Mar Awa the gift of a relic of the Apostle Saint Thomas, associated with the foundation of the churches in Assyria, which will be placed in the new Patriarchal Cathedral of the Assyrian Church in the East in Erbil, Iraq.

"May Saint Thomas, who touched with his hand the wounds of the Lord, hasten the complete healing of our wounds from the past," the Pope said, "so that soon we may be able to acknowledge around the same Eucharistic altar the crucified and risen Christ, and say to Him, together: 'My Lord and my God!'"